Car Hybrid, Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering: February 2012

Choosing Rotation Ranges for Servo Motors

Servo motors are controlled by letters fabricated up of capricious pulses, which actuate the amount to which the accessory will rotate. This specific advice and circling is capital to the absolute accession that the baby accessories provide. The position of the apparatus is apprehend by a potentiometer, which gives the user basic advice in the able alive of the motor. The potentiometer reads the position by coupling with the achievement shaft, which is the above alternating allotment in the machine.

When the circling of the achievement shaft shifts, the attrition account of the potentiometer changes accordingly, accouterment a account that is anon proportional to the exact bend of the rotation. The beating fed to the servo motor is adapted into a abiding alternation voltage to accumulate the accessory in a connected and actual position. An absurdity amplifier aswell consistently checks the voltage adjoin the rotated position of the achievement shaft to ensure that the accessory is operating in absolutely the appropriate rotational range.

If needed, the circling ambit of a servo motor can be adapted to clothing a new appliance or to acquiesce for blooper pages in attention over time. This acclimation is a accepted convenance in the aliment and adjustment of archetypal planes and added small-scale robotics. The base action can aswell be complemented by added automated repairs, such as addition the wings on a archetypal even to accommodate added antithesis and adaptability of the miniature aircraft. For these purposes you can accept amid accepted models and rotational or connected models.

Choosing and applying a servo motor for robotics purposes is a awful absolute art and requires some ability of the safe administration of electrical wiring. When applicable in a rotational device, you should analysis the apparatus several times to accomplish abiding that your base is actual and the rotational ambit is as you expected. You should aboriginal analysis the operation of the transmitter and approach to barometer the attention of your device's rotational response.

For added circuitous systems, controllers are accessible which are able of giving you the position readings of six or added altered devices, anniversary of which may accept altered rotational ranges. These controllers can configure all of your servo motors automatically, accouterment a adult arrangement that takes the plan out of allotment a rotational range. Circuitous controllers are able of alive with both accepted models, which accept a bound movement range, and rotational servo which can circle advisedly to any position.

So You Want To Be A Filmmaker

Film can be a very powerful medium, it combines both audio and visual, to tell a story. Watching movies can provide escape as well as excitement, while making a film yourself can be challenging, exciting and magical. Films have the power to affect emotions, they can make you see things from a different perspective, and discover new ideas, or simply create escape or fantasy. Film can make you laugh or cry and each film should have a purpose, whether it is to entertain or inform.

The important thing to remember about making a successful film is simple, it should tell a story.The best way to tell a story is with pictures. Film-making when broken into the components, is visual storytelling, in the shots that make up the scenes, and the scenes put together, make up the complete film.

There are so many different types of film and each serves it purpose.

Studio films are backed by film studios and usually have a hefty budget, averaging $70 million and as high as $300 million. Usually a major star will be featured. On the other end of the spectrum, are the independent films, which are often low-budget, because the money is raised by the filmmaker, without studio financing. Somewhere in between, there are independent divisions of the studio which is really a boutique, operating on smaller budgets but with backing of the studio.

There are advantages and disadvantages to both types. As an independent filmmaker, you have total control, and your film can be created exactly as you envision it, however you have no operating budget. A studio picture, with larger financial backing, and highly paid actors is determined by the studio for the best commercial success and creativity normally takes a back seat.

Your movie can be shot in many different formats. Filmmakers appreciate that the medium on which the story is set can elicit different audience reactions.Multiple choices include analog or digital video or high definition. The choice of film camera can go from super-8 which is an affordable format for beginners to 16mm which produces picture quality that may be adequate for television, or with studio production of 35mm motion picture quality, which is used for most television and feature films.

High definition usher in a new experience, with much sharper pictures, and in some instances it may seem closer to being live.

Great films are seldom made without a good story, and choosing the right material can be more important than anything else.Good ideas for films can come from almost anywhere, once allowed to germinate and blossom, a once nascent idea can develop into a full blown screenplay.

How to Make a Low Budget Movie - Bring Your Screenplay to Life

Feature length movies can be made for ten thousand dollars. However, they are more likely to be turn out better and be a success if you pay about five to ten times as much. There are exceptions of course, and some movies costing only 10 to 20 thousand dollars to make have made millions of dollars. If you want to make a movie on a low budget there are many things to consider besides just getting it made cheaply if you want to be a success. This article explains different ways that movies can be made at low cost, and the pros and cons to the different methods. It is primarily for someone with a screenplay or a movie idea who wants to see their idea come to life.

If you have a movie script or movie idea that you want made into a movie, it can be done, with difficulty, or with relative ease. And it can be completed under budget, or over budget.

To illustrate what I mean, imagine you have a house and you want to add two rooms to it and you have no building experience, but you know what you want. If you have enough money, you can explain what you want to an experienced builder, and have them do it all. If you want to save money, you may think about doing some of the work yourself. You might think, well I have a table saw and I can measure and I can pound nails, so I'll do the framing, and hire someone to finish it. When the finishing crew comes to finish it, they may find the rooms are a bit off square, and not quite level, and for them to finish it it will take lots of extra work because the basics were not done right. The total cost can then be more than if you had hired experts right from the start.

The same applies to making a movie. You have your screenplay, and maybe a camera and some of the equipment, and you know some people who will volunteer, and you have taken some workshops on operating the camera and practiced a bit. You shoot your movie, and then hand it to an editor to finish it. Like with the addition to the house, if the basics were not done right, the editor will have a lot more work to make it presentable, and may in fact not be able to make it totally professional looking because of errors that were made during shooting. It would have been cheaper to get expert help right at the start, and to only concentrate on directing and telling your story.

You might think well, what else can I do? I don't have the money to hire a big professional crew to make it. The answer is to find a very small professional crew, who are expert at shooting low-budget movies to do it. The cost will likely be less than if you tried to "save money" by doing jobs you were not expert at. You can still do a lot of the work yourself, but restrict yourself for the most part to doing the simple no brainer jobs, and let the experts do their thing. You can find filmmakers who have the experience and know how to bring your story to life, and all you have to do is find them. After all, what you really want is a nicely finished, professional looking movie that tells your story. Search, and you will find the people that you need, and be much happier in the long run.

Fuel Efficient Cars

New cars now are added able than the old ones, but there are models accurately fabricated to be the a lot of ammunition efficient. Ammunition able cars are the best of economical drivers, who wish to save money on ammunition in the continued run. The affair is that the amount of ammunition able cars is generally high. Hence, accession application if affairs these kinds of cars is their prices.

Toyota Prius

This auto runs on an boilerplate of 50 mpg. Its 1.8L 4-cylinder engine delivers 134 hp and an dispatch of up to 60 mph in 10 seconds. This baby auto is absolute for humans who accept to biking a hundred afar or added to work, and it has abundant allowance for 5 people. Available in the bazaar is the 3rd bearing Prius model, as able-bodied as Prius C and Prius V.

2012 Mitsubishi i (MiEV)

Electric cars are growing in acceptance nowadays, due to the ecology affable tagline. An accession to the ancestors is the new Mitsubishi i-MiEV, which is acceptable for abbreviate trips. You can allegation it up while at work. There are usually tax incentives on electric cars like the Mitsubishi i-MiEV, but ask the banker first. It is absolutely one of the a lot of fuel-efficient automobiles of 2012. This auto is in the chic of Chevrolet Volt and Nissan Leaf.

Scion IQ

The iQ is conceivably the aboriginal four-seater car in the world. Although it is alone 10 anxiety long, do not let the admeasurement deceive you. The appearance of this auto cover 11 airbags, HD technology, and Bluetooth, and the engine unleashes 37 mpg on the average.

Honda Civic Hybrid

This is conceivably Toyota's rival. Its 4-cylinder engine delivers 44 mpg of achievement and a dispatch of 60 mph from blow in 11.3 seconds. This adventurous auto is for those who adopt Honda to Toyota.

Lexus CT 200h

Lexus CT 200h and Honda Insight battling anniversary other, both giving 42 mpg performance. The catechism is whether you adopt affluence to necessity. If you do, you should be traveling afterwards the Lexus CT 200h. Its 1.8-L 4-cylinder engine delivers an dispatch of 60 mph from blow in 9.8 seconds.

Honda Insight

People who charge the achievement of the Lexus CT 200h bare the affluence should go afterwards the Honda Insight. Both automobiles action the aforementioned performance. Insight's 4-cylinder 98 hp engine bestows 42 mpg. Because it's not as comfortable as the Lexus CT 200h, it's the affordable version.

Ford Fusion Hybrid

This car bestows a breadth of 39 mpg and has a 2.5-liter 191 hp engine that gives an dispatch of 60 mph in 8.4 seconds. This is the added affordable adaptation of the chic Lincoln MKZ Hybrid, which has the aforementioned 39-mpg breadth and 191 hp engine. If you are afterwards the lower price, you can go for the Ford Fusion Hybrid. The MKZ Hybrid is for those who wish style.

Toyota Camry Hybrid

This auto gives 41 mpg of mileage, and its 2.5-liter 200 hp engine gives the Toyota Camry Hybrid an dispatch of 60 mph in 7.7 seconds. The Hybrid adaptation offers greater ammunition ability than the aboriginal Camry.

Fuel Efficient Cars

Toyota Prius

2012 Mitsubishi i (MiEV)

Scion IQ

Honda Civic Hybrid

Lexus CT 200h

Honda Insight

Ford Fusion Hybrid

Toyota Camry Hybrid

Electric Bikes Vs Cars

What busline another should you accept electric bike or a car? Which one is better? Which one is added environmentally friendly? Which one is added convenient?

I anticipate it all depends on your needs. Everyone is different, has altered lifestyles and altered needs. For archetype you acutely would not by e-bike for agriculture or abundant assignment binding needs. And you would not all-important charge a car if you reside just a brace of blocks abroad from plan in a top cartage area.

Let analyze the pros for anniversary one and accomplish an accomplished accommodation about our accustomed transportation.

Electric bikes pros:

Electric bikes are actual affordable. They can amount anywhere amid US $700.00 and US $3500.00. Not abandoned e-bikes are affordable to acquirement but the aliment is a section of cake. First of all riders are not appropriate to get insurance. Anticipate about all of the money that could be saved. (some humans can save up to $4,000/ year on allowance alone). As an added benefit e-bike users are not appropriate to accept drivers license, which makes them absolute for adolescent adults or teens.

Parts for your electric scooter could be acquirement online and installed with actual little or no ability of mechanics. There is no charge for oil changes or tune-ups.

Because the motor is electric there is no charge for ammunition which saves users a lot of money. Especially if you yield into annual ascent ammunition prices. Not to acknowledgment the ecology allowances of zero-emission motor.

The accessibility of e-bikes is undeniable. Never afresh will you accept to be ashore in cartage as electric bikes are accustomed in bike lane. Its bunched admeasurement makes electric scooters simple to abundance and park. Imagine getting able to esplanade anywhere. They are simple and fun to operate.

Cars pros:

Cars are actual adequate to drive. Drivers are consistently dry and balmy (except if active a convertible). Cars action a lot of accumulator in a block as able-bodied as central of the vehicle. Depending on the archetypal and the accomplish of a car assorted cartage are able to biking simultaneously. Cars are lot safer than electric scooters.

Accidents are a lot beneath acceptable to be fatal. Cars are abundant faster than e-bikes and can biking best distances.

It is up to you as a user to adjudge which busline adjustment apparel you better. Or maybe accept both. Use cars for ancestors and out of boondocks trips. E-bikes to get to plan or academy drive to abstain cartage and save money.

Assyrian Art and the Lamassu sculpture

Recently I lectured to a group of students on Ancient Near Eastern Art and since then have been thinking about a work of art that generated quite a large discussion: the Lamassu. The Lamassu were human headed winged bulls, sometimes with the paws of a lion, which were considered guardian figures to the king.

The Lamassu figures are a very interesting example of Neo-Assyrian Art. For several hundred years (934-609 BC) Assyria was the most important and influential empire in the Mesopotamian region. The kings at this time used art as a way to make certain everyone knew of their importance. The figures at the Metropolitan Museum of Art measure 122.5 x 24.5 x 109 in. (311.15 x 62.23 x 276.86 cm), which means they stand over 10 feet (3 meters) tall and would have been quite an imposing presence for visitors. At the same time they were meant to protect the kingdom from demonic forces.

Neo-Assyrian Gateway Human Headed Winged Lions 'Lamassu' from the North West Palace of Ashurnasirpal II in Nimrud, (883-859 BC) British Museum

photo- © Mujtaba Chohan/ public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The Lamassu Guardian figures were sculpted in pairs so that they were flanking the entrance to the king's throne room. There are many pairs of these sculptures that are still in existence including those in the British Museum (London), Louvre (Paris) and Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York) as well as several in Iraq.

Even though each of these come from different centuries in the Neo-Assyrian period, the style of these sculptures doesn't change much. The examples seen here are either from the reign of Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) or Sargon II (721-705 BC).   Let's first look at those from the British Museum from the reign of Ashurnasirpal II.

"These composite creatures combined the strength of the lion (or in this case, the bull), the   swiftness of birds indicated by the wings, and the intelligence of the human head. The helmet with horns indicates the creature's divinity."*

The sculptures were meant to be seen in one of two ways- from the front looking directly at the face, or from the side as the viewer entered the king's throne room. Therefore the figures are sculpted with five legs- two that can be seen from the front view and four that can be seen from the side. This would indicate that the figure was a four legged beast, but the extra leg was added so that the side view made visual sense.

Winged human-headed bull (Lamassu)

Neo-Assyrian Period, reign of Sargon II (721-705 BC)

Khorsabad, ancient Dur Sharrukin, Assyria, Iraq

photo- © Luidger/ public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

This version of the Lamassu has the hooves of a bull rather than the paws of a lion. Interestingly enough the pair from the Metropolitan Museum of Art (also from the reign of Ashurnasirpal II) each has a different set of feet, one with paws and one with hooves.

The figures were carved in relief, that is they were not free standing sculptures but rather only part of the figure was carved and they needed a wall to support them. Stylistically they are a mix of realism (note the careful portrayal of the legs) and flattened abstraction (such as the stylized portrayal of the wings and the hair).

The Lamassu in the British Museum are followed by many relief panels of the king's lion hunts. These relief panels were also a mix of realism (seen in the lions) and stylized art (usually seen in the human figures).

For more information I posted a link to the Smart History/Khan Academy website (Jan 6 blog posting) with a short and informative look at the Lamassu sculpture at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. I recommend watching it, it is just over 4 minutes long and quite interesting.

*quote taken from the British Museum's website

Learning the Electronic Keyboard

There can never be a human who hates music. Each individual has his own tastes in music, and some individuals develop their taste into passion by trying to learn a musical instrument. However, they get confused when it comes to choosing an instrument. Today, we see a host of people selecting instruments such as the guitar, piano, flute, saxophone, drums and so on to fulfill their musical needs and undergo rigorous training to master their chosen instrument. In this article, a special emphasis is made on learning the most popular instrument, the electronic keyboard.

Learning this instrument requires a great deal of patience, as finger dexterity is a prerequisite. Although the electronic keyboard resembles a piano,it is not a piano in reality. It offers a host of other features such as playing with accompaniment, a repertoire of in-built styles and instruments and many more. Anyone who wants to learn this instrument has to get himself enrolled with a tutor who has vast experience in the same. Learning through various 'easy to learn' books may be only of little help, as only a tutor can teach the nuances of handling the instrument. Initially, one has to start with understanding the instrument's structure and the various techniques as to how to handle. Remember that the instrument must be handled softly, as harsh handling could cause the instrument to malfunction. Another important thing in learning is practising what you learn. To master any instrument, practice is absolutely necessary. Practising your lessons with the help of your tutor will show great results. Once you practise the exercises (scales and arpeggios) taught by your tutor to improve your finger dexterity, you can very well start learning and playing solos and songs on your own, as you get familiar with the different styles and techniques. Learning the electronic keyboard is also fun, as one gets to enjoy and explore various sounds and instruments. A keyboardist is sometimes referred to as a 'one-man band'. One can also use the instrument to connect it to their personal computer and record their solos for future listening, and this would always bring a huge feeling of happiness.

We all know that learning is a continuous process and does not stop abrupt. Therefore, to take their learning to the next level, one can also enroll, under the guidance of their tutors, with various musical exam boards such as Trinity Guildhall, Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music, Rockschool and many more to hone their skills and to get an accreditation. This gives a sense of achievement. To conclude, learning this instrument is more of fun and not difficult at all. Anyone, be it a kid or a grown-up, can learn and improvise based on what they learn. There is no age bar no special skills required. The only thing that is necessary is the passion and will to learn.

Convert A Regular Car To Run Off Electricity

The auto has conceivably had the better admission on western association than any added apparatus of the twentieth century. Today, afterwards admission to a reliable car it can be difficult arch a accustomed life, a lot of towns and cities are advised with car owners in mind. If, like a lot of people, you acquisition your car indispensable, but are anxious about the appulse that active a approved car has on the environment, you should analyze the advantage of a DIY electric conversion.

The centralized agitation engine has revolutionized the world. The botheration is that today, not alone are gasoline and agent prices breaking all records, the abuse emitted by a lot of cars is accepted to be a accessory agency to altitude change and all-around warming. With carbon tax now getting brought in, there is aggregate to accretion and annihilation to lose by converting your vehicle's engine to run off electricity as against to a deposit fuel.

Before you alpha to yield actively the abstraction of starting such a project, you should accede whether you accept admission to the appropriate accoutrement and equipment. Removing a vehicle's engine and added apparatus is not for the accidental hobbyist. The plan that is appropriate is all-encompassing and time consuming.

Thankfully, there is a lot of advice accessible today for car owners who would like to undertake such work. The aboriginal footfall would be to access a absolute guide. The instructions that are to be followed should be simple to accept yet detailed, and cover specific advice apropos to the car which you are planning to convert.

Consider upfront what the amount of the activity will be, it would be badly arresting to get bisected way through and again accord up due to abridgement of funds. The amount of a about-face activity is not consistently cheap, the outlay can ambit from $5,000 up to $10,000. The better outlay is usually the batteries, followed by a DC motor and a DC controller.

Homemade electric cars are a applicable activity for abounding mechanically absent individuals. If you are austere about demography up such a project, alone advance afterwards you accept advised the affair in detail. On a cautionary note, accede that your account bill will acceleration in amount due to the added electricity burning that would be appropriate to accumulate your anew adapted vehicle's batteries topped up, but this is acceptable to be a atom of the amount of your accepted ammunition bills.

How to Choose Electric Motors for Explosive Environments

In automated situations it is generally all-important to amalgamate potentially alarming and airy accouterment with chancy environments of all kinds. In top blow industries and workplaces it is capital that every section of accessories is thoroughly arrested for assurance and candor in the applicative environment. This accepted extends to not alone the alien accouterment manipulated by workers, but aswell the electric motors acclimated to ability the machinery.

All accouterment acclimated in atomic environments needs to be absolutely adequate from sparks, debris, top heats and any added influences that could could could cause a damaging and potentially annihilative access or fire. The accouterment acclimated in electric cars and motorcycles needs to be analogously insulated, so that in the case of an blow or collision, the disciplinarian is adequate from a life-threatening explosion. When assurance is an issue, the superior of the electric motor should be a top priority, as it can accomplish the aberration amid activity and afterlife in an emergency.

In both cars and automated sites, assorted machines are acclimated in abutting adjacency to accommodate power, motion and added modes of operation. This agency that are assorted accessible sites for an access to action and a blaze to advance throughout the space. In the case of a truck, there may be an electric motor authoritative the steering, as able-bodied as abounding added hydraulic drives in the physique of the truck. It is important that anniversary of these machines are advised carefully, from acquirement through to use and disposal.

While these machines are advised to be bigger for the ambiance because they do not afford carbon dioxide into the atmosphere like acceptable agent engines, the machines do generally collaborate with abounding alarming chemicals and substances in automated and calm applications. This agency that if an emergency bearings does action there are abounding hazards to accord with and suppress. The array units frequently acclimated in accedence with the machinery, for example, accommodate abounding baneful substances which charge to be able-bodied cloistral for the bloom and assurance of humans nearby.

If you are searching for a safe band-aid for your abode or amusement project, you should accede machines advised with Airy Bane Inhibitors (VCIs). These treatments assure the brownish apparatus central the electric motor to anticipate the bane and bit-by-bit accident of the machinery, which could advance to an access in an adverse environment. The bane of alone parts, such as chestnut windings, is aswell a above could could cause abaft decreased ability in all types of machinery.

Learn to Make Your Own Dubstep Music

There have been huge advancements in both technology and recognition when it comes to music that happens to be engineered digitally. Dubstep music has exploded and is turning out to be more popular as the recording industry is reacting to what plenty of people are dancing to in night clubs around the globe. Dubstep performers such as Skrillex and Deadmau5 are even performing at and winning Grammy Awards. What is huge about this music is that you can generate it in the enjoyment of your house with just a computer.

There are many software platforms which can be purchased and downloaded that enable you produce the best Dubstep music of all. Your very own. Never before has it been so easy to create the kinds of music which you love. Much of the best Dubstep can be made without any of the fancy computerized gear you find in a recording studio.

DubTurbo 2.0 is the best Dubstep software available for the starting music maker. It contains all the comprehensive music making attributes currently available on the big Digital Audio Workstations (DAW's) for a small fraction of the cost. You can design your own personal beats and multi-layered tracks in minutes of getting the software because of the simple to use and intuitive interface.

If you have been wondering in precisely what the best software for Dubstep is, then look no more. You will be amazed at the type of sounds you can develop and what a great artist you can transform into. The music that you've been following and love can be crafted by you tonight. Imagine the feeling of composing your genuine tunes and coming up with your own different sound. You can also produce re-mix's of some of your very own favorite songs.

You are in a nutshell only restrained by your imagination. This Dubstep making software makes possible you to add together a number of tracks and sounds into a single track and then export it in the most advanced file forms to ensure that you don't lose sound quality. You can easily import your own personal sounds using free 3rd party recording tools to really get the customised sound you desire to have.

It is a very cool time if you desire to generate your own music. By no means has it been a great deal easier to generate higher level music for such a discounted price tag. I would recommend any person that is a supporter of Dubstep to have a look at the dubstep software that is available on the market today. It is obvious that the best Dubstep software is DubTurbo 2.0.

The Violin - How To Set Up The Bridge

I recently had a friend call me saying that he had bought his daughter a violin, and it had arrived through the post with the bridge not set-up. He had looked on the web, but the information was a bit confused and he was still not sure how to do it. This post deals with a seemingly easy topic, but as you will agree, something that is essential for the novice violinist.

Here are the steps to follow to set up your bridge.

If you already have strings on the violin, loosen them so they don't have any tension, and are slack enough for the bridge to fit under. Pull the strings into the centre of the finger board and check that there is enough space to fit the bridge. The violin has two "F" holes and if you look carefully at them you will see a small notch cut into each one. The bridge should sit between these two notches to give it the perfect distance for optimum sound. Please note that the bridge of your violin does the same as the bridge of most other stringed instruments such as the guitar or cello; It raises the strings from the resonating chamber and also transfers the energy of the strings to give you the sound. If you bow the violin close to the bridge, it will give you a different sound to what you will get if you bow further away.

The bridge has two distinct sides to it. It has a straight side, and a side with a slight curve to it. The straight side must be facing the tailpiece, and the curved side facing the finger board.

Place the bridge flat against the surface of the violin, making sure that the bottom is aligned with the "F" Hole notches, and that the curved side is face down on the wood.

Very gently lift the bridge up until it is vertical. Adjust the position so that it is straight and exactly between the two notches.

You will notice that at the curved top of the bridge there are four notches, and you must now place the loosened strings into each of the four notches.

Very gently begin to tighten the strings. Do not fully tighten one, but put a little tension on each, until your bridge is held in place by the tension with the strings. Tighten again each string until you are close to being in tune, and then if you have fine tuners, use them to complete the task.